Analysis of autonomic indexes on drivers' workload to assess the effect of visual ADAS on user experience and driving performance in different driving conditions

Advanced driver assistance systems (ADASs) allow information provision through visual, auditory, and haptic signals to achieve multidimensional goals of mobility. However, processing information from ADAS requires operating expenses of mental workload that drivers incur from their limited attentional resources. The change in driving condition can modulate drivers' workload and potentially impair drivers' interaction with ADAS. This paper shows how the measure of cardiac activity (heart rate and the indexes of autonomic nervous system (ANS)) could discriminate the influence of different driving conditions on drivers' workload associated with attentional resources engaged while driving with ADAS. Fourteen drivers performed a car-following task with visual ADAS in a simulated driving. Drivers' workload was manipulated in two driving conditions: one in monotonous condition (constant speed) and another in more active condition (variable speed). Results showed that drivers' workload was similarly affected, but the amount of attentional resources allocation was slightly distinct between both conditions. The analysis of main effect of time demonstrated that drivers' workload increased over time without the alterations in autonomic indexes regardless of driving condition. However, the main effect of driving condition produced a higher level of sympathetic activation on variable speed driving compared to driving with constant speed. Variable speed driving requires more adjustment of steering wheel movement (SWM) to maintain lane-keeping performance, which led to higher level of task involvement and increased task engagement. The proposed measures appear promising to help designing new adaptive working modalities for ADAS on the account of variation in driving condition

Metode Usability Pada Rancang Bangun Sistem Pengarsipan Surat Sacara Digital Di Pondok Pesantren Miftahul Jannah

Penelitian ini berfokus pada perancangan sistem pengarsipan surat menyurat secara digital pada Pondok Pesantren Miftahul Jannah Desa Peninjauan. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode Usability testing dalam merancang sistem informasi pengarsipan yang terdiri dari surat masuk dan surat keluar, kemudian manfaat penelitian, untuk membantu dan mempermudah pengarsipan khususnya surat digital pada Pondok Pesantren Miftahul Jannah Desa Peninjauan. Hasil penelitian ini menggunakan metode usability Pengujian metode usability di uji menggunakan pengujian validitas dan reliabilitas, diman hasil pengujiannya menggunakan pengujian usability adalah learnability = 0,868, 0,845, 0,736, 0,619, efficiency nilainya 0,8813, 0,461, 0,636, 0,567, memorability nilainya 0,773, 0,830, 0,814, 0,578, few error nilainya yang didapatkan 0,621, 0,765, 0,704, 0,653,  Satiisfaction nilai yang di dapatkan 0,732, 0,559, 0,662, 0,652 dimana r hitung > r tabel dimana r tabel pengujian validitasnya adalah 0,281 maka data untuk pengujian validitasnya adalah valid, sedangkan pengujian reliabilitas dimana learnability = 0,947, 0,948, 0,949, 0,951, efficiency nilainya 0,948, 0,953, 0,950, 0,952, memorability nilainya 0,948, 0,948, 0,948, 0,951, few error nilainya yang didapatkan 0,951, 0,949, 0,950, 0,950,  Satiisfaction nilai yang di dapatkan 0,950, 0,951, 0,951, 0,6950 Uji reliabilitas dapat dilihat pada nilai Cronbach’s Alpha, jika Nilai Alpha > 0,70 variabel adalah reliabel dan data berdistribusi norma

PENERAPAN METODE SYSTEM USABILITY SCALE (SUS) PERANGKAT LUNAK DAFTAR HADIR DI PONDOK PESANTREN MIFTAHUL JANNAH BERBASIS WEBSITE

The application of technology from time to time develops rapidly, because with the current application of technology it is easier for human work, one of which is by using software, at the Miftahul Jannah Islamic boarding school located in the village of observation, Kec. In the observation of OKU district, in South Sumatra, there has been no application of technology, namely software, one of which is a website-based attendance list software. The purpose of this research is to build a software attendance list at the Miftahul Jannah Islamic boarding school for teachers, students and female students by applying the System Usability Scale (SUS) method. This research method uses observation, interviews, literature study, needs analysis as well as building and implementing attendance list software using the application of the System Usability Scale (SUS) method, where the criteria for implementing the SUS method are if the value is greater than 80.3 then the criteria are very good, while the value from 68 to 80.3 means software with the application criteria is good, the value of 68 application of the SUS method is sufficient, while the value of 51 to 68 with the criteria for applying the SUS method is less, the value is below 51 then the criteria for applying the SUS method is very lacking, As for the results of the application using the method System Usability Scale (SUS), get the results of the respondents for k teachers where the average value of the conversion results obtained was 79.54, while for student respondents showed the average value conversion result using the application of the SUS method the result was 79.33 where the conversion results The application of the SUS method in this study has been accepted in accordance with the criteria for the distribution of the system usability scale (SUS) method.Abstrak Perkembangan teknologi dari waktu ke waktu berkembang dengan cepat, oleh karena dengan teknologi mempermudah pekerjaaan salah satu dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak, di pesantren miftahul Jannah terletak di desa peninjauan Kec Peninjauan kabupaten OKU tepatnya di Sumatera Selatan belum ada perangkat lunak salah satunya perangkat lunak daftar hadir berbasis website. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah merancang dan membangun perangkat lunak daftar hadir di sekolah pondok pesantren miftahul Jannah untuk guru, siswa dan siswi (santri dan santriwati) menggunakan penerapan metode SUS  Adapun metode penelitian ini menggunakan observasi, interview, studi literatur, analisis kebutuhan, tahap perancangan, implementasi serta metode untuk pengujian menggunakan metode SUS (System Usability Scale), adapun hasil yang di dapatkan dari  penelitian perangkat lunak ini menerapkan metode SUS (System Usability Scale), dimana hasil untuk guru menunjukkan nilai rata-rata hasil konversi SUS didapatkan hasilnya adalah 79,54 sedangkan untuk responden siswa (Santri atau Santriwati) menunjukkan rata-rata hasil konversi nilai menggunakan metode SUS hasilnya adalah 79,33 dimana hasil konversi metode sus dalam penelitian ini sudah diterima untuk penerapan perangkat lunak ini.   Kata Kunci : SUS, Sublime Text, Website

A digital twin architecture for effective product lifecycle cost estimation

Lifecycle cost estimation is crucial for high-value manufacturing sectors, in particular at the early product design stage, to maintain their product affordability and manufacturing profitability within the market. Accordingly, it is important to identify through-life cost reduction opportunities. However, this is a challenging task for designers at the early product lifecycle stage due to the lack of complete historical data and the existence of high-level uncertainties within the product and service cost data. Moreover, the complexity of maintenance, repair, and overhaul interventions during the operation stage reduces the designers’ decision-making confidence level at the earlier stages. This paper aims to address these challenges by proposing a novel Digital Twin (DT) architecture that uses adaptive data structure and ontologies to automatically produce the cost model from data mined information throughout a product lifecycle. The DT architecture supports designers by capturing data in terms of consumed and caused cost and automates the data flow to provide an adaptive cost estimation method across the product lifecycle. The DT enables designers to estimate the lifecycle cost at the early stage and to identify the through-life cost reduction opportunities effectively. Thereby, it is expected that the proposed DT supports OEMs to reduce the total lifecycle cost and improve the efficiency of their product development. A case study of lifecycle cost estimation in the machine tool industry is considered for testing the validity of the DT architecture

Implementasi Framework CodeIgniter dan Restful API pada Sistem Informasi Manajemen Tugas Akhir

Kerangka kerja PHP sering digunakan pada skala menengah dan besar tetapi juga sering digunakan dalam pengembangan sistem informasi skala kecil. Pemilihan kerangka kerja dan metode akses database menjadi faktor penting dalam mengembangkan sistem informasi. CodeIgniter adalah kerangka kerja PHP yang menawarkan kecepatan dan integrasi dengan RESTful API antara 2 server yang berlaku. Selain kinerja sistem informasi, jQuery memberikan antarmuka yang menarik dan meningkatkan kinerja setiap proses CodeIgniter. Pemilihan model kerangka yang bersumber dari penelitian yang ada untuk menghasilkan model pengembangan sistem informasi yang terbaik untuk pengembangan sistem informasi skala kecil. Pelaksanaan sistem yang dikembangkan adalah sistem manajemen proyek akhir di perguruan tinggi. Hasil ini diukur menggunakan metode SUS yang memberikan hasil yang sangat baik mencapai 80,88

Fast augmented reality authoring: fast creation of AR step-by-step procedures for maintenance operations

Augmented Reality (AR) has shown great potential for improving human performance in Maintenance, Repair, and Overhaul (MRO) operations. Whilst most studies are currently being carried out at an academic level, the research is still in its infancy due to limitations in three main aspects: limited hardware capabilities, the robustness of object recognition, and content-related issues. This article focuses on the last point, by proposing a new geometry-based method for creating a step-by-step AR procedure for maintenance activities. The Fast Augmented Reality Authoring (FARA) method assumes that AR can recognise and track all the objects in a maintenance environment when CAD models are available, to knowledge transfer to a non-expert maintainer. The novelty here lies in the fact that FARA is a human-centric method for authoring animation-based procedures with minimal programming skills and the manual effort required. FARA has been demonstrated, as a software unit, in an AR system composed of commercially available solutions and tested with over 30 participants. The results show an average time saving of 34.7% (min 24.7%; max 55.3%) and an error reduction of 68.6% when compared to the utilisation of traditional hard-copy manuals. Comparisons are also drawn from performances of similar AR applications to illustrate the benefits of procedures created utilising FARA

Fast Augmented Reality Authoring: Fast Creation of AR step-by-step Procedures for Maintenance Operations

Augmented Reality (AR) has shown great potential for improving human performance in Maintenance, Repair, and Overhaul (MRO) operations. Whilst most studies are currently being carried out at an academiclevel, the research is still in its infancy due to limitations in three main aspects: limited hardware capabilities, the robustness of object recognition, and content-related issues. This article focuses on the last point, by proposing a newgeometry-based methodforcreating a step-by-step AR procedure for maintenance activities. The Fast Augmented Reality Authoring (FARA) method assumes that AR can recognise and track all the objects in a maintenance environment when CAD models are available, to knowledge transfer to a non-expert maintainer. The novelty here lies in the fact that FARA is a human-centric method for authoring animation-based procedures with minimal programming skills and the manual effort required. FARA has been demonstrated, as a software unit, in an AR system composed of commercially available solutions and tested with over 30 participants. The results show an average time saving of 34.7% (min 24.7%; max 55.3%) and an error reduction of 68.6% when compared to the utilisation of traditional hard-copy manuals. Comparisons are also drawn from performances of similar AR applications to illustrate the benefits of procedures created utilising FARA

A design framework for adaptive digital twins

Digital Twin (DT) is a ‘living’ entity that offers potential with monitoring and improving functionality of interconnected complex engineering systems (CESs). However, lack of approaches for adaptively connecting the existing brownfield systems and their data limits the use of DTs. This paper develops a new DT design framework that uses ontologies to enable co-evolution with the CES by capturing data in terms of variety, velocity, and volume across the asset life-cycle. The framework has been tested successfully on a helicopter gearbox demonstrator and a mobile robotic system across their life cycles, illustrating DT adaptiveness without the data architecture needing to be modified

A head mounted augmented reality design practice for maintenance assembly: toward meeting perceptual and cognitive needs of AR users

Head Mounted Display (HMD) based Augmented Reality (AR) is being increasingly used in manufacturing and maintenance. However, limited research has been done to understand user interaction with AR interfaces, which may lead to poor usability, risk of occupational hazards, and low acceptance of AR systems. This paper uses a theoretically-driven approach to interaction design to investigate the impact of different AR modalities in terms of information mode (i.e. video vs. 3D animation) and interaction modality (i.e. hand-gesture vs. voice command) on user performance, workload, eye gaze behaviours, and usability during a maintenance assembly task. The results show that different information modes have distinct impacts compared to paper-based maintenance, in particular, 3D animation led to a 14% improvement over the video instructions in task completion time. Moreover, insights from eye gaze behaviours such as number of fixations and transition between Areas of Interest (AOIs) revealed the differences in attention switching and task comprehension difficulty with the choice of AR modalities. While, subjective user perceptions highlight some ergonomic issues such as misguidance and overreliance, which must be considered and addressed from the joint cognitive systems’ (JCSs) perspective and in line with the predictions derived from the Multiple Resources Model